Halal labels can’t purify haram systems. Safdar Alam is the former Global Head of Islamic Structuring at JPMorgan and our guest for this fifth episode of Riba Resistance. We discuss how Islamic finance has failed to produce truly riba-free solutions and critique the superficial application of fiqh to deeply flawed financial models. Is Bitcoin a solution? Safdar doesn’t shy away from the uncomfortable truth: if the architecture is rotten, repainting the walls is not reform. Bitcoin isn’t just on the table — it may be the only exit. Check out Safdar’s website: https://safdaralam.com/Follow Safdar on X: https://x.com/SafdarAlam